Internal Combustion Engines
Which one of the following event would reduce volumetric efficiency of a vertical compression ignition engine?

Inlet valve closing after bottom dead center
Inlet valve opening before top dead center
Exhaust valve closing after top dead center
Inlet valve closing before bottom dead center

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Internal Combustion Engines
The expansion of fuel in a four stroke cycle diesel engine

Starts at top dead center and ends at 30° after top dead center
May start and end anywhere
Starts at 15° after top dead center and ends at 30° before bottom dead center
Starts at 15° before top dead center and ends at 30° after top dead center

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Internal Combustion Engines
Supercharging is the process of

Injecting excess fuel for raising more loads
Providing forced cooling air
Supplying compressed air to remove combustion products fully
Supplying the intake of an engine with air at a density greater than the density of the surrounding atmosphere

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