Internal Combustion Engines
Which one of the following event would reduce volumetric efficiency of a vertical compression ignition engine?

Inlet valve closing after bottom dead center
Exhaust valve closing after top dead center
Inlet valve closing before bottom dead center
Inlet valve opening before top dead center

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Internal Combustion Engines
In a typical medium speed 4-stroke cycle diesel engine the inlet valve

May open or close anywhere
Opens at 20° before top dead center and closes at 35° after the bottom dead center
Opens at top dead center and closes at bottom dead center
Opens at 10° after top dead center and closes 20° before the bottom dead center

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