Engineering Materials
The brown smoke during the operation of a Bessemer converter indicates that the

The converter must be titled to remove the contents of the converter
Silicon and manganese has burnt and carbon has started oxidizing
Air is burning out silicon and manganese
The brown smoke does not occur during the operation of a Bessemer converter

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Engineering Materials
Cobalt in steel

Gives ductility, toughness, tensile strength and anti corrosion property
Refines grain size and produces less tendency to carburisation, improve corrosion and heat resistant proper ties
Improves wear resistance, cutting ability and toughness
Improves cutting ability and reduce hardenability

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