Plant Structure
Which of the following observations is not used as evidence to support the concept of endosymbiotic origin of chloroplasts and mitochondria?

Both strongly resemble prokaryotes, especially in size
Both can live and function independently of the cell
Both have their own DNA
Both have their own ribosomes

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Plant Structure
Why do some redox reactions in cells result in the transfer of electrons from a reductant with a higher standard redox potential to an oxidant with a lower standard redox potential?

None of these
Redox potentials are defined under standard conditions, and cellular conditions are typically not standard conditions
Electrons always go from reductants with high redox potentials to oxidants with low redox potentials
The rules governing oxidation and reduction apply only in vitro, and not in vivo

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Plant Structure
Any system that is not at equilibrium

is rushing toward equilibrium at a very rapid rate
is kinetically unstable, although it may be thermodynamically stable
requires an enzyme to reach equilibrium
is thermodynamically unstable, although it may be kinetically stable

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Plant Structure
Which is not true about a photon?

It is trapped by photosynthetic unit
The shorter the wavelength, the greater the energy of the photons
It is a packet of light energy
It donates electron to reduce carbon dioxide to glucose

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