After the death of Ali Adil Shah II in 1672 CE, Sikandar Adil Shah was placed on the throne of Bijapur in 1672 at four years of age. This weakened the kingdom and was ultimately annexed by Emperor Aurangzeb in 1686 CE.
Battle of Chausa was fought near Buxar. Humayun was badly defeated and Sher Khan adopted the title of Sher Shah. Humayun barely escaped with his life from the battle field.
Sufism or mysticism emerged in the 8th century. Some of the early known Sufis are as follows: Rabia al-Adawiya, Al-Junaid, and Bayazid Bastami. Sufism evolved into a well-developed movement by the end of the 11th century.
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