Chemical Process
Mineral oils (e.g. petroleum oils) are preferred over fatty oils (e.g. mustard oil, ghee, tallow, palm oil, olive oil etc.) as a lubricant due to its

Poor oxidation stability and high gum forming tendency
Hydrolysis tendency in presence of water
All of these
Greater tendency of decomposition at elevated temperature

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Chemical Process
Use of hydrated lime in water treatment

All of these
Before filtration, reduces the bacterial load on filters
Is to adjust the pH value
After filtration, combats the corrosive-ness of water due to the presence of O₂ & CO₂

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