Cell Structure and Compartments
Eukaryotic cells are more efficient than prokaryotes because their internal compartmentalization

reduces overall cell size
allows for specialization through merging of different tasks
makes each compartment nutritionally independent of all others
allows for specialization through the subdivision of particular tasks

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Cell Structure and Compartments
According to the fluid mosaic model of cell membranes,

the unique properties of cell types are determined by their phospholipids
the most common type of molecules in the membrane are proteins
basic membrane structure results from how the proteins interact with water
the membrane is a highly mobile mixture of phospholipids and proteins

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Cell Structure and Compartments
The highly folded membranes found in such eukaryotic organelles as mitochondria and chloroplasts

increase the surface area where key chemical processes can occur
make it possible to package large amounts of DNA within the cell
assist with cell movement
help the cell against physical damage

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