Operating System (OS)
A critical region is

a program segment that has not been proved bug-free
none is the above
one which is enclosed by a pair of P and V operations on semaphores
a program segment where shared resources are accessed
a program segment that often causes unexpected system crashes

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Operating System (OS)
The function(s) of the Syntax phase is(are)

to build a literal table and an identifier table
to recognize the major constructs of the language and to call the appropriate action routines that will generate the intermediate form or matrix for these constructs.
to parse the source program into the basic elements or tokens of the language.
to build a uniform symbol table
None of these

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