Soil Mechanics and Foundation
When the degree of saturation is zero, the soil mass under consideration represents

two phase system with soil and air
one phase system
two phase system with soil and water
three phase system

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
The major principal stress in an element of cohesion-less soil within the backfill of a retaining wall is

None of these
Vertical if the soil is in a passive state of plastic equilibrium
Vertical if the soil is in an active state of plastic equilibrium
Inclined at 45° to the vertical plane

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