Plant Structure
What is the source of free energy (ΔG) for moving protons out of mitochondria against their concentration and electrical gradients?

Glycolysis
Creatine phosphate
ATP
The redox reactions of electron transport

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Plant Structure
Why do some redox reactions in cells result in the transfer of electrons from a reductant with a higher standard redox potential to an oxidant with a lower standard redox potential?

None of these
Redox potentials are defined under standard conditions, and cellular conditions are typically not standard conditions
Electrons always go from reductants with high redox potentials to oxidants with low redox potentials
The rules governing oxidation and reduction apply only in vitro, and not in vivo

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Plant Structure
Which of the following statements about mitochondrial proteins is true?

Mitochondrial proteins arise from other mitochondrial proteins
Some mitochondrial proteins are coded for and synthesized in the mitochondria and others
All mitochondrial proteins are imported from the cytoplasm
All mitochondrial proteins are coded for and synthesized in the mitochondria

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