Plant Structure
What is the source of free energy (ΔG) for moving protons out of mitochondria against their concentration and electrical gradients?

Glycolysis
ATP
Creatine phosphate
The redox reactions of electron transport

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Plant Structure
Any system that is not at equilibrium

is rushing toward equilibrium at a very rapid rate
requires an enzyme to reach equilibrium
is thermodynamically unstable, although it may be kinetically stable
is kinetically unstable, although it may be thermodynamically stable

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