Plant Structure
What is the source of free energy (ΔG) for moving protons out of mitochondria against their concentration and electrical gradients?

Creatine phosphate
ATP
The redox reactions of electron transport
Glycolysis

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Plant Structure
Which of the following experimental results does not support Mitchell's chemiosmosis theory?

Addition of dinitrophenol to isolated mitochondria during electron transport was shown to inhibit acidification of the medium
Electron transport in isolated mitochondria was shown to result in acidification of the medium
Addition of dinitrophenol to isolated mitochondria was shown to inhibit electron transport, but had no effect on ATP synthesis
An artificial proton gradient across the inner mitochondrial membrane drives ATP synthesis in the absence of electron transport

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Plant Structure
Which of the following observations is not used as evidence to support the concept of endosymbiotic origin of chloroplasts and mitochondria?

Both have their own DNA
Both can live and function independently of the cell
Both have their own ribosomes
Both strongly resemble prokaryotes, especially in size

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Plant Structure
Any system that is not at equilibrium

is kinetically unstable, although it may be thermodynamically stable
is rushing toward equilibrium at a very rapid rate
is thermodynamically unstable, although it may be kinetically stable
requires an enzyme to reach equilibrium

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