Plant Structure
What is the source of free energy (ΔG) for moving protons out of mitochondria against their concentration and electrical gradients?

Glycolysis
ATP
The redox reactions of electron transport
Creatine phosphate

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Plant Structure
The mitochondria were known in the nineteenth century to be osmotically active on the basis of evidence that

mitochondria are surrounded by a semi permeable membrane
the mitochondrial matrix is hypertonic to the cellular cytoplasm
mitochondria were derived from a symbiotic bacterium
the mitochondrial matrix is hypotonic to the cellular cytoplasm

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