Computer Networking
What are reasons for creating OSPF in a hierarchical design?1. To decrease routing overhead2. To speed up convergence3. To confine network instability to single areas of the network4. To make configuring OSPF easier

3 only
1, 2 and 3
2, 3 nd 4
3 and 4

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Computer Networking
The physical layer, in reference to the OSI model, defines

the interface between the X.25 network and packet mode device
the virtual circuit interface to packet-switched service
None of these
All of these
data link procedures that provide for the exchange of data via frames that can be sent and received

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