Process Control and Instrumentation
Vapour actuated pressure spring thermometer does not require ambient temperature compensation. Ambient temperature compensation is provided in gas or liquid expansion pressure spring thermometer by

Making the volume of thermometer bulb as large as conveniently possible
Reducing the volume of the receiving element to a minimum
All of these
Reducing the volume of the capillary to a minimum

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Process Control and Instrumentation
Accurate temperature measurement performance of a radiation pyrometer can not be affected, if the

Object is transparent
Enhancement or attentuation of redia-tion occurs in the sighting path
Object and surrounding are at almost the same temperature
Object has varying emissivity

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Process Control and Instrumentation
In a closed loop system, the process to be controlled is an integrating process with transfer function l/2s. The controller proposed to be used in an integral controller with transfer function 1/T₁s. When a step change in set point is applied to such a closed loop system, the controlled variable will exhibit

Undamped response
Unstable response
Underdamped response
Overdamped response

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