Soil Mechanics and Foundation
Coefficient of earth pressure at rest is

greater than both the active earth pressure and passive earth pressure
greater than active earth pressure but less than passive earth pressure
less than both the active and passive earth pressures
less than active earth pressure but greater than passive earth pressure

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
The major principal stress in an element of cohesion-less soil within the backfill of a retaining wall is

Vertical if the soil is in an active state of plastic equilibrium
None of these
Vertical if the soil is in a passive state of plastic equilibrium
Inclined at 45° to the vertical plane

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Soil Mechanics and Foundation
The shear strength of a soil

Decreases with decrease in normal stress
Is inversely proportional to the angle of internal friction of the soil
Is directly proportional to the angle of internal friction of the soil
Decreases with increase in normal stress

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