Electrical Machines
Use of fractional pitch winding

  make it stiffer.
All of these
  results in reduced axial length of the machine.
  results in reduced leakage reactance.

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Electrical Machines
In a loaded DC generator, if the brushes are given a shift from the interpolar axis in the direction of rotation, then the commutation will

 deteriorate with fall of terminal voltage.
 deteriorate with rise in terminal voltage.
 improve with fall of terminal voltage.
 improve with rise in terminal voltage.

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Electrical Machines
Consider the following statements about commutating poles which are fitted on most large dc Shunt motors: 1. The commutating poles are placed in the geometric neutral plane and their number is usually Equal to the number of main poles 2. The winding on the commutating poles is connected in series with the shunt-field winding on the main poles 3. The polarity of the commutating pole must be that of the next pole further ahead 4. The commutating poles neutralize the reactance voltage produced in the coil undergoing Commutation. Of these statements,

 1, 2 and 4 are correct
 2, 3 and 4 are correct
 1, 2 and 3 are correct
 1 and 4 are correct

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