Process Control and Instrumentation
Accurate temperature measurement performance of a radiation pyrometer can not be affected, if the

Enhancement or attentuation of redia-tion occurs in the sighting path
Object and surrounding are at almost the same temperature
Object is transparent
Object has varying emissivity

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Process Control and Instrumentation
In a closed loop system, the process to be controlled is an integrating process with transfer function l/2s. The controller proposed to be used in an integral controller with transfer function 1/T₁s. When a step change in set point is applied to such a closed loop system, the controlled variable will exhibit

Overdamped response
Undamped response
Underdamped response
Unstable response

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