Process Equipment and Plant Design
Tubes are fixed to the tube sheet (a thick circular metallic plate) by the method of tube rolling and brazing (non-removable) or ferrule connection (removable). Thickness of the tube, sheet is normally __________ the outside diameter of the tube but in no case it should be less than 22 mm (7/8").

Three fourth
Equal to
Half
1.5 times

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Process Equipment and Plant Design
In a shell and tube heat exchanger, the clearance of the tube is generally

More in case of triangular pitch as compared to the square pitch tube layout
Equal to the tube diameter
More than the tube diameter
Not less than one-fourth of the tube diameter or 3/16"

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