Heat and Mass Transfer
Total heat is the heat required to

Change liquid into vapour
Convert water into steam and superheat it
Change vapour into liquid
Increase the temperature of a liquid or vapour

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Heat and Mass Transfer
Which of the following would lead to a reduction in thermal resistance?

In radiation, increasing the temperature and reducing the emissivity.
In convection, stirring of the fluid and cleaning the heating surface.
All of these
In conduction, reduction in the thickness of the material and an increase in thermal conductivity.

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Heat and Mass Transfer
Fourier's law of heat conduction is (where Q = Amount of heat flow through the body in unit time, A = Surface area of heat flow, taken at right angles to the direction of heat flow, dT = Temperature difference on the two faces of the body, dx = Thickness of the body, through which the heat flows, taken along the direction of heat flow, and k = Thermal conductivity of the body)

(dx/dT)
k. (dT/dx)
k.
k.
k. (dx/dT)
(dT/dx)

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