Microbial Genetics
The word, used for the small solid supports onto which are spotted hundreds of thousands of tiny drops of DNA that can be used to screen gene expression, is

cloning library
southern blot
northern blot
DNA microarrays

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Microbial Genetics
Why the bacterium Treponema pallidum is difficult to culture?

Because it lacks the genes needed for TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation
Because it is unable to use carbohydrates as an energy source
Because it requires a great deal of water to reproduce
Because it requires extremely low temperature at which water freezes

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