Microbial Genetics
In the time since E. coli and Salmonella diverged evolutionarily

E, coli has lost approximately 50% of its genome
E. coli has acquired many genes via horizontal transfer
none of these
there has been little change in either genome

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Microbial Genetics
Why Deinococcus radiodurans is able to survive massive exposure to radiation?

Because it has many copies of genes encoding DNA repair
Because it has unique DNA repair mechanisms
Because it produces a thick shell which acts as a shield from the radiation
Because its cellwall contains radioactive elements

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Microbial Genetics
Why the bacterium Treponema pallidum is difficult to culture?

Because it requires extremely low temperature at which water freezes
Because it is unable to use carbohydrates as an energy source
Because it lacks the genes needed for TCA cycle and oxidative phosphorylation
Because it requires a great deal of water to reproduce

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