Transformers
The voltage transformation ratio of a transformer is equal to the ratio of

secondary terminal voltage to primary applied voltage
secondary induced e.m.f. to primary induced e.m.f.
secondary current to primary current
primary turns to secondary turns

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Transformers
In a power or distribution transformer about 10 per cent end turns are heavily insulated

to reflect the line surge and save the winding of a transformer from damage
None of these
to withstand the high voltage drop due to line surge produced by the shunting capacitance of the end turns
to absorb the line surge voltage and save the winding of transformer from damage

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