Plant Structure
"The universe tends towards maximum disorder" is stated by

first law of thermodynamics
None of these
second law of thermodynamics
third law of thermodynamics

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Plant Structure
Which of the following observations is not used as evidence to support the concept of endosymbiotic origin of chloroplasts and mitochondria?

Both can live and function independently of the cell
Both have their own ribosomes
Both strongly resemble prokaryotes, especially in size
Both have their own DNA

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Plant Structure
Why do some redox reactions in cells result in the transfer of electrons from a reductant with a higher standard redox potential to an oxidant with a lower standard redox potential?

Electrons always go from reductants with high redox potentials to oxidants with low redox potentials
Redox potentials are defined under standard conditions, and cellular conditions are typically not standard conditions
None of these
The rules governing oxidation and reduction apply only in vitro, and not in vivo

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