Structural Analysis
The thickness of the rectangular plate for the cap or base of a solid round steel columns, is calculated from the formula t = √[(9W/16 fbct) × D/(D -d)] where ‘d’ is

The dimension of the base
The diameter of the top
The reduced diameter of the column
The diameter of the base

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Structural Analysis
The effective and actual lengths of a cantilever are same if continuous at the support,

None of these
Restrained against torsion at the support and free at the end
With partial restraint against torsion of the support and free at the end
Unstrained against torsion at the support and free at the end

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