Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
The diagram efficiency is the ratio of

Workdone on the blades per kg of steam to the total energy supplied per stage per kg of steam
Energy supplied to the blades per kg of steam to the total energy supplied per stage per kg of steam
Workdone on the blades to the energy supplied to the blades
None of these

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
In fire tube boilers

The flames and hot gases pass through the tubes which are surrounded by water
None of these
Forced circulation takes place
Water passes through the tubes which are surrounded by flames and hot gases

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
In forced recirculation type boiler,

Feed pump is employed to supplement natural circulation in water wall type furnace
Water is supplied in drum and through down comers located in atmospheric condition it passes to the water wall and rises to drum in the form of mixture of water and steam
Water is converted into steam in one pass without any recirculation
Heating takes place at bottom and the water supplied at bottom gets converted into the mixture of steam bubbles and hot water which rise to drum

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
The equivalent evaporation is defined as

The amount of water evaporated from and at 100°C into dry and saturated steam
The evaporation of 15.653 kg of water per hour from and at 100°C
The amount of water evaporated or steam produced in kg per kg of fuel burnt
The ratio of heat actually used in producing the steam to the heat liberated in the furnace

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