Electrical Machines
The sparking at the the brushes, in a DC machines is due to

  reactance voltage.
 high resistance of carbon brushes.
 armature reaction.
 presence of commutator.

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Electrical Machines
The following statements relate to compensating winding (CW) and interpole winding (IW) of a dc machine : 1. CW neutralizes the armature reaction under a pole pitch 2. IW is connected in series with armature circuit 3. IW produces mmf in the commutating zone only 4. CWmmf is directed along the brush axis 5. Mmf produced by IW is equal to armature mmf From these, the correct statements are

 2, 3, 4
 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5
 1, 3, 4, 5
 2, 3, 4, 5

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Electrical Machines
The result of slip test on a 3-phase, 20 KVA, 400 V, 50 Hz connected salient pole alternator is given below- Phase value: Vmax = 100 V, Vmin = 96 V, Imax = 10 A and I min = 7 A. The direct and quadranature axis reactances are respectively

 8.248 and 9.60 Ω.
  14.28 and 5.54 Ω.
 14.28 and 9.60 Ω.
 8.248 and 5.54 Ω.

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