The capacity factor is the ratio of an actual electrical energy output over a given period of time to the maximum possible electrical energy output over that period. Nuclear power plants are at the high end of the range of capacity factors
When voltage changes occur in rapid succession, with magnitudes large enough to cause lighting level variations. The human eye-brain response is most sensitive to periodic r.m.s. voltage changes that occur at around 8 - 10 cycles per second.
Bus Type - Known Parameter - Unknown Parameter Load Bus -P, Q - V, phase angle Generator Bus - P, V (magnitude) - Q, Voltage phase angle Slack Bus Voltage - magnitude and phase angle - P, Q
Value of power factor is varies from 0 to 1. R→PF = 1 L→PF = 0 lag C→PF = 0 lead R-L→0 lag < PF < 1 R-C→0 lead < PF < 1 R-C-L→depends on value of R, L and C. PF = R/Z
Die-electric test on Circuit breaker: These tests are performed to check power frequency and impulse voltage withstand capacity. Power frequency tests are kept on a new circuit breaker, the test voltage changes with a circuit breaker rated voltage. In impulse tests, impulse voltage of particular value is employed to the breaker.
EXAMIANS