System Analysis and Design
The approach used in top-down analysis and design is

all of the listed here
to identify a top level function an d then create a hierarchy of lower-level modules and components.
to identify the top level functions by combining many smaller components into a single entity
to prepare flow charts after programming has been completed

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System Analysis and Design
Data manipulation language (DML)

determine how data must be structured to produce the user's view
specifies for the DBMS what is required; the techniques used to process data
all of the listed here
describes how data are structured in the data base

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System Analysis and Design
A Turnaround document

is output at one point which later comes back as an input
None of these
All of these
is circulated among all the heads of departments of an organization.
is circulated among all the staff of an organization.

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