Compressors, Gas Turbines and Jet Engines
The reason for volumetric efficiency of reciprocating compressor being less than 100 percent is

All of these
Clearance volume and leakages
Pressure drop across the valves
Superheating in compressor

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Compressors, Gas Turbines and Jet Engines
If p₁, is the pressure of air entering the L.P. cylinder and p₂ is the pressure of air leaving the L.P. cylinder (or inter-cooler pressure), then the ratio of cylinder diameters for a single acting, two stage reciprocating air compressor with complete intercooling is given by (where D₁ = Dia. of L.P. cylinder, and D₂ = Dia. of H.P. cylinder)

None of these
D₁/D₂ = p₁/p₂
D₁/D₂ = p₂/p₁
D₁/D₂ = p₁ p₂

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