Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
The theoretical indicator diagram of a simple steam engine is based upon the assumption that

The expansion (or compression) of the steam is hyperbolic
There is no pressure drop due to condensation
Steam is admitted at boiler pressure and exhausted at condenser pressure
All of these

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
The function of a piston rod is

To exhaust steam from the cylinder at proper moment
To convert heat energy of the steam into mechanical work
To transfer motion from the piston to the cross head
To guide motion of the piston rod and to prevent it from bending

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