Machine Design
The ratio of driving tensions for flat belts, neglecting centrifugal tension, is (where T₁, and T₂ = Tensions on the tight and slack sides of belt respectively, μ = Coefficient of friction, between the belt and pulley, and θ = Angle of contact)

T₁/T₂ = μθ
T₁/T₂ = log μθ
T₁/T₂ =eμθ
log (T₁/T₂) = μθ

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Machine Design
Split nut is a locking device in which

Through slots are made at top and a cotter pin is passed through these and a hole in the bolt, and cotter pin splitted and bent in reverse direction at the other end
A slot is cut partly in middle of nut and then slot reduced by tightening screw
A hard fibre or nylon cotter is recessed in the nut and becomes threaded as the nut is screwed on the bolt causing a tight grip
One smaller nut is tightened over main nut and main nut tightened against smaller one by loosening, creating friction jamming

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