Workshop Technology
The purpose of a gate is to

Feed the molten metal to the casting in order to compensate for the shrinkage
Delivers molten metal from pouring basin to gate
Delivers molten metal into the mould cavity
Act as a reservoir for the molten metal

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Workshop Technology
The diaphragm moulding machine is used to

Produce uniform packing of sand in the mould
Give uniform sand hardness throughout the mould
Ram the sand harder at the back of the mould and softer on the pattern face
Ram the sand harder at the pattern face with decreasing hardness towards the back of the mould

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Workshop Technology
During hot working of metals

Mechanical properties are improved due to refinement of grains
All of the listed here
Porosity of the metal is largely eliminated
Grain structure of the metal is refined

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