Design of Steel Structure
The portal bracing in a truss bridge is used to

Keep the rectangular shape of the bridge cross-section
Stiffen the structure laterally
Prevent the sides-way buckling of top chord
Transfer load from top of end posts to bearings

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Design of Steel Structure
The sway bracing is designed to transfer

25% of the top panel wind load to bottom bracing
50% of the top panel wind load to bottom bracing
10% of the top panel wind load to bottom bracing
2Vi % of the top panel wind load to bottom bracing

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