Machine Design
The notch sensitivity q is expressed in terms of fatigue stress concentration factor Kf and theoretical stress concentration factor Kt as

(Kt + 1)/ (Kf + 1)
(Kf + 1)/ (Kt + 1)
(Kf - 1)/ (Kt - 1)
(Kt - 1)/ (Kf - 1)

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Machine Design
In composite or reverse laid ropes

Direction of twist of wires in strands is opposite to the direction of twist of strands
Direction of twist of wires and strands are same
Wires are not twisted
Wires in two adjacent strands are twisted in opposite direction

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Machine Design
Jam nut is a locking device in which

A slot is cut partly in middle of nut and then slot reduced by tightening a screw
One smaller nut is tightened over main nut and main nut tightened against smaller one by loosening, creating friction jamming
A hard fibre or nylon cotter is recessed in the nut and becomes threaded as the nut is screwed on the bolt causing a tight grip
Through slots are made at top and a cotter pin is passed through these and a hole in the bolt, and cotter spitted and bent in reverse direction at other end

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