Internal Combustion Engines
In a typical medium speed, 4-stroke cycle diesel engine

Fuel injection starts at 10° before top dead center and ends at 20° after top dead center
May start and end anywhere
Fuel injection starts at just before top dead center and ends just after top dead center
Fuel injection starts at top dead center and ends at 20° after top dead center

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Internal Combustion Engines
The compensating jet in a carburettor supplies almost constant amount of petrol at all speeds because the

The diameter of the jet is constant and the discharge coefficient is invariant
Flow is produced due to the static head in the float chamber
Jet area is automatically varied depending on the suction
The flow from the main jet is diverted to the compensating jet with increase in speed

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