Structural Analysis
The minimum horizontal distance between two parallel main reinforcing bars, is

The diameter of the bar if their diameters are same
The diameter of the longer bar if their diameters are unequal
Greatest value of the above
5 mm more than nominal maximum size of the coarse aggregate

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Structural Analysis
The effective and actual lengths of a cantilever are same if continuous at the support,

With partial restraint against torsion of the support and free at the end
Restrained against torsion at the support and free at the end
None of these
Unstrained against torsion at the support and free at the end

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