Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
A compound pipe is required to be replaced by a new pipe. The two pipes are said to be equivalent, if

Loss of head and discharge of both the pipes is same
Loss of head and velocity of flow in both the pipes is same
Length of both the pipes is same
Diameter of both the pipes is same

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The flow ratio of Francis turbine is defined as the ratio of the

Velocity of flow at inlet to the theoretical jet velocity
None of these
Theoretical velocity of jet to the velocity of flow at inlet
Velocity of runner at inlet to the velocity of flow at inlet

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