Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
The function of a piston rod is

To transfer motion from the piston to the cross head
To guide motion of the piston rod and to prevent it from bending
To convert heat energy of the steam into mechanical work
To exhaust steam from the cylinder at proper moment

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Steam Boilers, Engines, Nozzles and Turbines
In a single acting steam engine

The steam is admitted, in turn, on both sides of the piston and two working strokes are produced during each revolution of the crankshaft
The steam is admitted, in turn, on both sides of the piston and one working stroke is produced during each revolution of the crankshaft
The steam is admitted on one side of the piston and two working strokes are produced during each revolution of the crankshaft
The steam is admitted on one side of the piston and one working stroke is produced during each revolution of the crankshaft

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