Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
In an inward flow reaction turbine

The water flows parallel to the axis of the wheel
The flow of water is partly radial and partly axial
The water enters the wheel at the outer periphery and then flows towards the center of the wheel
The water enters at the center of the wheel and then flows towards the outer periphery of the wheel

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Hydraulics and Fluid Mechanics in ME
The purpose of a surge tank is

All of these
To eliminate water hammer possibilities
To control the pressure variations due to rapid changes in the pipe line flow
To regulate flow of water to turbines by providing necessary retarding head of water

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