Environmental Science
The main reason why vegetables take longer to cook in boiling water at high altitudes is because:

There is less oxygen in the air at high altitude
Water boils at a higher temperature with higher altitude
Saturation vapor pressure decreases with increasing altitude
The temperature of the boiling water decreases with increasing altitude

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Environmental Science
During the winter solstice in the Northern Hemisphere:

All of these
At middle latitudes in the Northern Hemisphere, this marks the longest night of the year
Astronomical winter begins in the Northern Hemisphere
The noon sun is overhead at 23.5o S latitude

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