Automobile Engineering in ME
The main function of the tread pattern on tyre is that

The tread pattern protects the tyre's inner carcass from small stones and pieces of glass
The crests between the tread grooves absorb road noise
In wet conditions, the tread grooves expel water that is drawn between the tyre and road surface
The tread grooves pass air between the tyre and road surface, thereby preventing tyre from overheating

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The function of positive crankcase ventilation (PCV) system is that it

Feeds blow by gases to the exhaust manifold
Mixes fuel with air
Promotes combustion by creating a swirling movement in the air-fuel mixture
Returns blow by gases from the crankcase to the intake system

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The condition that causes vapour locking in a brake system is

Overcooling of the brakes during high speed driving
Overheating of the fluid due to frequent brake application
An excessively high engine speed on a downhill road
Keeping the vehicle without use for an extended period

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