Automobile Engineering in ME
The main function of the tread pattern on tyre is that

The crests between the tread grooves absorb road noise
The tread pattern protects the tyre's inner carcass from small stones and pieces of glass
The tread grooves pass air between the tyre and road surface, thereby preventing tyre from overheating
In wet conditions, the tread grooves expel water that is drawn between the tyre and road surface

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Automobile Engineering in ME
The ball joints are used on the tie rod ends, because they

Reduce the amount of sliding resistance
Can deal with movement of the suspension both vertically and in other directions
Improve the force transmission speed
Reduce the amount of noise generated

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