Internal Combustion Engines
The fuel valve in a four stroke cycle diesel engine

May open and close anywhere
Opens at top dead center and closes at bottom dead center
Opens at 15° before top dead center and closes at 20° after top dead center
Opens at 15° after top dead center and closes at 20° before bottom dead center

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Internal Combustion Engines
Flash point of fuel oil is

Temperature at which it catches fire without external aid
Indicated by 90% distillation temperature, i.e. when 90% of sample oil has distilled off
Minimum temperature to which oil is heated in order to give off inflammable vapours in sufficient quantity to ignite momentarily when brought in contact with a flame
Temperature at which it solidifies or congeals

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