Machine Design
The longitudinal joint in boilers is used to get the required

Length of boiler
Length and diameter of boiler
Efficiency of boiler
Diameter of boiler

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Machine Design
Castle nut is a locking device in which

Through slots are made at top and a cotter pin is passed through these and a hole in the bolt, and cotter pin spitted and bent in reverse direction at other end
A slot is cut partly is middle of nut and then slot reduced by tightening a screw
One smaller nut is tightened over main nut and main nut tightened against smaller one by loosening, creating friction jamming
A hard fibre or nylon cotter is recessed in the nut and becomes threaded as the nut is screwed on the bolt causing a tight grip

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Machine Design
In oilness bearings

Grease required to be applied after some intervals
The oil film is maintained by supplying oil under pressure
Do not require external supply of lubricant
The oil film pressure is generated only by the rotation of the journal

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