Surveying
The latitude (λ) of a place and the altitude (α) of the pole are related by

λ = 90° - α
λ = α
λ = α - 90°
λ = 180° - α

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP

Surveying
For mapping any country

Primary triangles are broken down into secondary triangles of somewhat lesser accuracy
All listed here
Secondary triangles are further broken into third and fourth order triangles, the points of which are used for detail surveys
Geodetic triangulation of greatest possible sides and accuracy is carried out

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP