Microwave Communication
The highest frequency which a conventional vacuum tube oscillator can generate is not limited by the

Inter-electrode capacitance
Distributed lead inductance
Electron transit time
Degree of emission from the cathode

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Microwave Communication
The Gunn diode oscillator

Generates frequencies which are below 100 MHz
Depends on the formation of charge domain
Is capable of generating continuous microwave power of the order of kilowatt
Operates over a positive resistance characteristic

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Microwave Communication
As the electron beam moves through a klystron’s intercavity drift space

Density modulation at the input cavity creates velocity modulation at the output cavity
Phase modulation at the input cavity creates velocity modulation at the output cavity.
Frequency modulation at the input cavity creates velocity modulation at the output cavity
Velocity modulation at the input cavity creates density modulation at the output cavity

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