Machine Design
The ends of the leaves of a semi-elliptical leaf spring are made triangular in order to

Obtain variable moment of inertia (I) in each leaf
Permit each leaf to act as an overhanging beam
Make M/I constant throughout the length of the leaf
Have variable bending moment (M) in each leaf

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Machine Design
In composite or reverse laid ropes

Wires in two adjacent strands are twisted in opposite direction
Direction of twist of wires in strands is opposite to the direction of twist of strands
Wires are not twisted
Direction of twist of wires and strands are same

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Machine Design
The face of the tooth is the

Surface of the tooth above the pitch surface
Surface of the tooth below the pitch surface
Width of the tooth measured along the pitch circle
Surface of the top of the tooth

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