Machine Design
A stud

Has pointed threads
Has a head on one end and a nut fitted to the other
Has both the ends threaded
Has head at one end and other end fits into a tapped hole in the other part to be joined

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Machine Design
A bolt of M 24 × 2 means that

The effective diameter of bolt is 24 mm and there are 2 threads per cm
Cross-sectional area of the threads is 24 mm²
The pitch of the thread is 24 mm and depth is 2 mm
The nominal diameter of bolt is 24 mm and pitch is 2 mm

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