Environmental Engineering
The commonly used material for water supply pipes, which has the properties of being strong, not easily corroded and long life but is heavy and brittle, is

Cast iron
Reinforced cement concrete
Copper
Steel

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Environmental Engineering
In lime-soda process

Only carbonate hardness is removed
Lime reduces the carbonate hardness and soda-ash removes the non-carbonate hardness
Only noncarbonated hardness is removed
Lime reduces the non-carbonate hardness and soda-ash removes the carbonate hardness

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