Engineering Materials
The brown smoke during the operation of a Bessemer converter indicates that the

The brown smoke does not occur during the operation of a Bessemer converter
Air is burning out silicon and manganese
Silicon and manganese has burnt and carbon has started oxidizing
The converter must be titled to remove the contents of the converter

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Engineering Materials
Free carbon in iron makes the metal

Soft and gives a coarse grained crystalline structure
Soft and gives a fine grained crystalline structure
Hard and gives a fine grained crystalline structure
Hard and gives a coarse grained crystalline structure

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