System Analysis and Design
The approach used in top-down analysis and and design is

All of these
to prepare flowcharts after programming has been completed
to identify the top level functions by combining many smaller components into a single entity.
to identify a top level function and then create a hierarchy of lower level modules and components
None of these

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP

System Analysis and Design
An audit trial is

test data used by the system auditor
All of these
None of these
designed to permit tracing of any input record or process performed on a system, back toits original sources
post-auditing the system after its implementation

ANSWER DOWNLOAD EXAMIANS APP