Process Control and Instrumentation
Temperature measurement range of iron-constantan thermocouple is 0 to 870°C. It can be used to measure sub zero temperature, because at lower temperature

Embrittlement of iron occurs
Both B and C Here
Rusting of iron takes place
Emf produced is very low of the order of microvolt

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Process Control and Instrumentation
Routh test

Cannot be used to test the stability of a control system containing transportation lag
Can not determine as to how many roots of the characteristics equation have positive real roots
Criterion provides information about the actual location of roots
Criterion is not applicable to systems with polynomial characteristic equation

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