Mass Transfer
In a distillation operation, what is the effect of the temperature of the reflux stream (given below) on the condenser and reboiler loads? Reflux conditions:(i) Reflux stream is completely liquid and is at its bubble point.(ii) Reflux stream is below its bubble point.

Both condensor and reboiler loads are higher in case (ii) as compared to case (i)
Condenser load is the same in both the cases but reboiler load is higher in case (ii)
Reboiler load is the same in both the cases but condenser load is higher in case (ii)
Condenser and reboiler loads are the same in both the cases

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Mass Transfer
Use of raschig rings in place of crushed stones as packing in packed beds (other things being same)

Increases pressure drop, decreases surface area
Increases pressure drop, increases surface area
Decreases pressure drop, increases surface area
Decreases pressure drop, decreases surface area

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