Mass Transfer
Steam distillation is not recommended to be used, if the

Material to be distilled is thermally unstable or has the tendency to react with other components associated with it, at the boiling temperature
Liquids decompose, if distilled directly at atmospheric pressure
Material can not be distilled by indirect heating even under low pressure, because of the high boiling temperature
Azeotropic mixture is to be separated and the final product is miscible with water

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Mass Transfer
For water-ethanol system, the minimum reflux ratio

Is computed from the slope of the upper operating line that is tangent to the equilibrium curve
Is the optimum reflux ratio
Is computed from the intercept of the operating line
Cannot be computed

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